Churn



(No Model.)

E. MICHAELS.

GHURN.

Patented Aug. 27, 1889;

UNITED STATES' PATENT. OFFICE.

ELI MICI-IAELS, OF SWEETSERS, INDIANA. i

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 409,997, dated August2'?, 1889.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELI MIOHAELS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Sweetsers, in the county of Grant and State of Indiana, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Ohurns, of which the followingis a specification.,

This invention relates to churns of that class having a pair of dashersjournaled on parallel vertical axes and rotating in opposite directions;and it consists in certain details of construction and arrangement ofparts, all as hereinafter more fully pointed out.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is acentral vertical section of one of the dasher-shafts. Fig. 3 is ahorizontal section through the dashers; and Fig. 4 is an enlargedperspective detail of one of the dashers detached, showing my preferredform of wings. Fig. 5 is a central vertical section of one of thegear-wheels and its hub.

The same letters of reference are applied to corresponding partsthroughout.

The letter J designates a jar, can, tub, barrel, or other receptaclewithin Vwhich the churning takes place.

My invention consists of the operative mechanism adapted to be removablyanddetachably'connected with said jar, the latter being supplied by theoperator, and hence of any desired size, shape, construction, andmaterial.

T is a table having a downwardly-projecting fiange t, adapted to fitclosely the mouth of the jar. Upon this table is mounted a frame-workcomprising two side pieces F, connected near their upper ends byhorizontal strips f. J ournaled in these strips and passing throughholes in the table T are two vertical shafts S.

Upon the shafts are a pair of intermeshing gears G, having enlarged hubsII, and setscrews 7L pass through said hubs and are adapted to impingeagainst the shafts, thus adapting the gears to be set at any desiredpoint upon the shafts.` Said hubs H are elongated and bear at theirupper and lower ends against the inner faces of said strips f, wherebythe shafts S are held from vertical dlsarrangement. The side pieces Fare out away at proper points C, to permit the gears G to projecttherethrough, and on one of said pieces is pivoted a large gear-wheel W,turning in a vertical plane, meshing with one of the gears G, and havinga handle fw by which it may be rotated. There are about three ti mes thenumber of teeth on the large gearwheel W as on the small gears G,whereby the latter make three revolutions to the formers one. Each shaftS carries within the jar two dashers standing at right angles to eachother. Each dasher comprises a` horizontal arm D, passing through arectangular transverse hole in the shaft, but'not fastened therein, andvertical wings ol, dovetailed upon each end of the arm D, with a pin clpassing through the junction to hold the parts in relative position. TheshaftsS are set within the hubs H, so that the two upper arms D shallstand at right angles to each other and their wings d pass alternatelybetween the shafts when the latter are rotated. The two lower arms beingat right angles to the two upper ones, their wings will be justquartering thereto, and will also pass alternately between the shafts,one upper and the opposite lower wing passing therethroughsimultaneously.

All the parts are preferably constructed `of woo`d, excepting the wheelW, which is of heavy iron-casting, in order to cause it to serve as abalance-wheel, and the set-screws h, which are obviously of metal. TheWings d are dovetailed into the ends of the arms D, preferably on thefront faces thereof, and are held in place by wooden pins d. Thedasherarms D, as above stated, pass loosely through rectangulartransverse holes in the shafts, and the swelling of the wood, when theparts are wet, will hold them in position. When withdrawn from the jarand dried, the Varms may be slid laterally in the shafts and thoroughlycleaned, after which they may be set at any desired position, and thewetting afterward received will lock them there. The jar being filled orpartially filled with cream, the wheel IV is revolved by its crank,resulting in the rapid rotation of the dashers in two horizontal planes.The body of cream in the jar will be set in motion in two verti- ICO calcolumns, of which the shafts S are the axes, and these columns willintersect between the shafts, resulting in the violent dashing andthorough and rapid churning of the cream.

It will be obvious t-hat the churn mechanism proper may be removed fromone jar and placed in another, larger or smaller, and that it may bemanufactured and sold without the jar, which can easily be furnished bythe user, thus lessening the selling price of the device, resulting inan increased market for it.

My preferred form of wing d, as illustrated in Fig. 4, comprises oneormorevertical members, preferably dovetailed into the front face of thehorizontal arm D in its direction of rotation, and retained in positiontherein by wooden pins d', as above described. If the wings d are long,I may provide two horizontal arms D-*one at the upper and the other atthe lower end thereofto afford a strong support therefor, both of saidarms being mounted loosely in transverse slots in the vertical shaft S,and adapted to slide therein, as above described.

Each wing d is beveled on its front face, so

as to taper from its outer edge o to its inner edge t', asvclearly seenin the drawings. By

and thrown against the broad outer edge of the wing adjacent to it, andthis Will result in a centripetal action exerted on the cream beingchurned, in contradistinction to the centrifugal force simultaneouslygenerated by the rotation of the dasher entire.

It Will be obvious that a dasher so constructed would effect a morethorough and complete churning of the cream in a given Eme than theplain dashers now on the man I claim as the salient' points of myinvention- The shaft S, the two arms D, passing through transverse holestherein at right angles thereto and to each other, vertical Wings el,dovetailed in the ends of said arms at right angles thereto, and Woodenpins d', for holding them in place, in combination with a second shaftS, having similar arms and Wings and standing parallel with said firstshaft, the opposite arms being set quartering to each other, a pair ofintermeshing gears keyed to said shafts, and a hand-wheel for impartingrotary motion thereto, as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixedmy signature in presence of two Witnesses.

RICHARD BEEsoR, JAMES MORE.

